(83).Partiinaia etika, p. 329.
(84).Interview with Elena Dombrovskaia, Moscow, January 2003.
(85).MSP, f. 3, op. 48, d. 2, ll. 1, 23, 32–4.
(86).MSP, f. 3, op. 42, d. 2, ll. 5–6.
(87).MP, f. 4, op. 9, d. 1, ll. 4–8; d. 2, l. 13.
(88).MP, f. 4, op. 12, d. 2, l. 7.
(89).Bonner, Mothers and Daughters, p. 17., , , ,
(90).V. Semenova, ,Babushki: semeinye i ,s otsialnye funktsii praroditelskogo pokoleniia, in Sudba liudei: Rossiia xx vek. Biografii semei kak obekt sotsiologicheskogo issledovaniia（Moscow, 1996）, pp. 326–54.
(91).Bonner, Mothers and Daughters, pp. 14, 15, 16, 27, 40, 78, 145; interview with Elena Bonner, Boston, November 2006., ,
(92).GFA, O. Golovnia, ,Predislovie k pismam, ms., p. 20; interview with Yevgeniia Golovnia, Moscow, November 2004.
(93).Interview with Vladimir Fomin, St Petersburg, September 2003.,
(94).Interview with Yevgeniia Yevangulova, St Petersburg, March 2004; E. P. Evangulova, Krestnyi put（St Petersburg, 2000）, pp. 7–9, 36; RGAE, f. 5208, op. 1, d. 28.
(95).Interview with Boris Gavrilov, St Pet,e rsburg, Ju,n e 2003.,
(96).,Obydennyi NEP（Sochineniia i pisma shkolnikov 20-x godov）, in Neizvestnaia Rossia xx vek, vol.3（Moscow, 1993）, pp. 285–7; HP,, ,5 9 A, vol. 5, ,p, . 25; Inkeles and Bauer, The Soviet ,C itizen, p. 216. See similarly, S. Tchouikina, ,The ,,Old and ,,New Intelligentsia and the Soviet State, in T. Vihavainen（ed.）, The Soviet Union – A Popular State？（St Petersburg, 2003）, pp. 99–100.
(97).Inkeles and Bauer, The Soviet Citizen, p. 223; MSP, f. 3, op. 52, d. 2, l. 19.
(98).E. Olitskaia, Moi vospominaniia, 2 vols.（Frankurt, 1971）, vol. 2, p. 56; MP, f. 4, op. 8, d. 2, l. 6. See also, MM, f. 12, op. 31, d. 2, ll. 1–2; MS,P , f. 3, op. 53, d. 2, ll. 11–12; f. 3, op. 8, d. 2, ll. 1–7.
(99).Partiinaia etika, p. 437; Liusin, Pismo, p. 11; MP, f. 4, op. 32, d. 4, l. 7.
(100).Bonner, Mothers and Daughters, pp. 41, 138–9, 200–202.
(101).MSP, f. 3, op. 16, d. 2, ll. 3–4, 7.
(102).MSP, f. 3, op. 37, d. 2, ll. 13–15; I. Shikheeva-Gaister, Semeinaia khronika vremen kul’ta lichnosti: 1925–1953（Moscow, 1998）, pp. 5–6.,
(103).V. Danilov, Sovetskaia dokolkhoznaia derevnia: naselenie, zemlepolzovanie, khoziaistvo（Moscow, 1977）, p. 31.
(104).MSP, f. 3, op. 14, d. 3, ll. 34–5.
(105).与农民革命相关内容，参见：O. Figes, Peasant Russia, Civil War: The Volga Countryside in Revolution, 1917–1921（Oxford, 1989）。
(106).MSP, f. 3, op. 14, d. 3, ll. 8, 104; G. Dobronozhenko, Kollektivizatsiia na Severe, 1929–1932（Syktyvkar, 1994）, pp. 27–8.
(107).MSP, f. 3, op. 14, d. 3, ll. 7–8.
(108).MSP, f. 3, op. 14, d. 2, ll. 18, 69.
(109).MSP, f. 3, op. 2, d. 2, ll. 20, 43–5.,
(110).VFA, E. Vittenburg, ,Pamiati P. V. Vittenburga, ms., p. 4; interviews with Yevgeniia Vittenburg, St Petersburg, August 2003, September 2004; E. Vittenburg, Vremia poliarnykh stran（St Petersburg, 2002）, pp. 44–74.
(111).RGALI, f. 1814, op. 9, d. 351, l. 3; interview with Aleksei Simonov, Moscow, November 2003.
(112).RGALI, f. 1814, op. 9, d. 2613, ll. 7, 13; K. Simonov, Segodnia i davno（Moscow, 1978）, p. 65. Family legend has it that Aleksandra blamed Mikhail for the miscarriage of a baby daughter and decided to leave him（interview with Aleksei Simonov, Moscow, June 2003）.
(113).RGALI, f. 1814, op. 10, d. 360; op. 9, d. 2613, ll. 3, 13.
(114).RGALI, f. 1814, op. 9, d. 2698, l. 1.
(115).RGALI, f. 1814, op. 10, d. 360, l. 31.
(116).RGALI, f. 1814, op. 9, d. 353, l. 38; d. 337, l. 7.
(117).RGALI, f. 1814, op. 10, d. 339, l. 11; op. 9, d. 1534, l. 31.
(118).RGALI, f. 1814, op. 6, d. 70, l. 103; d. 170, l. 17; op. 9, d. 2613, l. 13; dd. 23, 24.
(119).RGALI, f. 1814, op. 9, d. 1533, l. 18; d. 24, l. 16; d. 25, ll. 6, 17, 26; d. 1010, ll. 9–10; Simonov, Segodnia i davno, p. 66.
(120).K. Simonov, Glazami cheloveka moego pokoleniia（Moscow, 1990）, pp. 25–6.
(121).RGALI, f. 1814, op. 9, d. 25, l. 12; d. 1010, ll. 16–19; op. 10, d. 339, l. 11.
(122).SLFA, M. Laskin, ,Vospominaniia, , ms., p. 2.
(123).SLFA, ,Lichnyi listok po uchety kadrov, （Samuil Laskin）; interviews with Fania Laskina, Moscow, November 2003, March 2005.
(124).A. Ball, Russia, s Last Capitalists: The NEPmen 1921–1929（Berkeley, 1987）, p. 39.
(125).Interviews with Fania Laskina, Moscow, June, November 2003, February, July 2004; interviews with Aleksei Simonov, Moscow, November 2003; SLFA,M. Laskin, ,Vospominaniia, , ms., pp. 20, 21, 29.
(126).Y. Slezkine, The Jewish Century（Berkeley, 2005）, p. 217; Vsesoiuznaia perepis, naseleniia. 1937 g. Kratkie itogi（Moscow, 1991）, p. 90.
(127).A. Shternshis, Soviet and Kosher: Jewish Popular Culture in the Soviet Union, 1923–1939（Bloomington, 2006）, pp. 35–43; J. Veidlinger, The Moscow State Yiddish Theatre: Jewish Culture on the Soviet Stage（Bloomington, 2000）.
(128).Interviews with Fania Laskina, Moscow, June, November 2003; interview with Aleksei Simonov, Moscow, November 2003; SLFA, M. Laskin, ,Vospominaniia, , p. 19.
(129).Interview with Rebekka（Rita） Kogan, St Petersburg, May 2003.
(130).I. Slavin, Protsess v Novikakh（Vitebsk, 1920）.
(131).SFA, I. Slavina, ,Tonen, kii nerv istorii, , ms., p. 11; interview with Ida Slavina, Cologne, October 2003.
(132).Interview with Fania Laskina, Moscow, March 2005.
